AP Physics Chapter 18 Study Guide
Ray Optics

The Ray Model of Light

rays of light

 

rays
Light Rays travel in straight lines.
Light Rays can cross.
rays
A light ray travels forever unless it interacts with matter.
rays
An object is a source of light rays.
rays
The eye sees by focusing a bundle of rays.

 

Sources of Light Rays

A Ray Source A Point Source An Extended Source A Parallel-ray Source
ray
point
extended
parallel

 

 

Reflection

Specular Reflection

specular

specular

Law of Reflection

 

Diffuse Reflection

diffuse

 

Plane Mirror

plane

 

plane

 

plane

 

Virtual Image

plane

 

Refraction

refraction

 

refraction

 

refraction

 

refraction

 

Snell's Law

snells law

 

index of refraction

 

Total Internal Reflection

TIR

 

TIR

 

Critical Angle

critical angle

 

 

Color and Dispersion

dispersion

 

 

visible light

index

 

Rainbows

rainbows

rainbows

 

 

Thin Lenses: Ray Tracing

lenses

 

Converging Lenses

Ray Diagrams

converging

converging

converging

 

converging

 

Magnification Equation

magnification

 

Diverging Lenses

diverging lenses

 

Image Formation with Spherical Mirrors

Concave Mirrors

mirrors

mirror

mirror

 

mirror

 

Convex Mirrors

mirror

mirror

mirror

 

mirror