III. Parenthetical References: (Science, Business Education)

Some disciplines require that the reference to a particular source be placed in the text itself rather than on a separate page. When the source of information is important to the reading of the text, such as scientific and technical writing, this is the preferred form. This is done by placing the last name of the author, the copyright date of the source, and the page number(s) inside a parenthesis at the end of source material used.


A. Directions:

It would look like this in your text: In his book on gastroenterology, Bubba Smith retorts, "It requires a special kind of person to look at things the way I do." (Smith 1993, 103). The key elements are author, year published, and page number.

B. Samples References:



1. Book, one author: (Shorter 1987, 22)

2. Book, two authors: (Fries and Crapo 1981, 59)

3 . Book, more than two authors: (Gimlin, et al 1984, 188)

4 . Book, no author named: (The Incredible Machine 1986, 321)

5. Reference book article, unsigned: (The New Encyclopaedia Britannica, 1993)

6 . Magazine article, signed: (Elmer-DeWitt 1995, 58)

7 . Magazine article, unsigned: (Health 1995, 95)

8 . Piece from an anthology: (Lux 1994, 117)

9 . Newspaper article: (Ramsey 1993, B3)

10 . Pamphlet, signed: (Millstone 1993, 12)

11 . Pamphlet, unsigned: (Smoking, Chewing and Cancer 1995, 2-3)

12 . Personal interview: (Johnson, 1994)

13 . Lectures, speeches, and addresses: (Flynn, 1992)

14 . Audiovisual materials: (The Champion Within, 1988)

15 . Article from an electronic database, ex.: CD-ROM: (Kondratas, 1993)

16 . Internet article - World Wide Web site: (Momma, 1995)

17. Internet article - Gopher or FTP site: (Austin Hospital, 1994)

18 . Internet or other online communication article - Email or Newsgroup: (Grosshans, 1994)

 

WHS Research Paper - General Requirements:

I. Intro, II. Paper Frmt Gdlns

WHS Research Paper - Science and Business Ed:

III. Parenthetical References

WHS Research Paper - English and Social Studies

IV. Endnote Format

WHS Research Paper:

V. Bibliography Format

WHS Research Paper

VI. Bibliography Example

WHS ResearchPaper

VII. Endnote Example