- Quotations are the exact words of an author, copied directly from a source, word for word. Quotations must be cited!
- Use quotations when:
- You want to add the power of an author's words to support your argument.
- You want to disagree with an author's argument.
- You want to highlight particularly eloquent or powerful passages.
- You are comparing and contrasting points of view.
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- Paraphrasing means rephrasing the words of an author, putting his/her thoughts in your own words.
- When you paraphrase, you rework the source's ideas, words, phrases, and sentence structure with your own.
- Like quotations, paraphrased materials must be followed with in-text documentation and cited on your Works-Cited page.
- Paraphrase when:
- You plan to use information on your note cards and wish to avoid plagiarism.
- You want to avoid using quotations.
- You want to use your own voice to present information.
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- Summarizing involves putting the main idea(s) of one or several writers into your own words, including the main point(s).
- Summaries are significantly shorter than the original and take a broad overview of the source material.
- Again, it is necessary to attribute summarized ideas to their original sources
- Summarize when:
- You want to establish background or offer an overview of a topic.
- You want to describe knowledge (from several sources) about a topic.
- You want to determine the main ideas of a single source.
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